Prevention of Soil Degradation

Why in news

The government has outlined various measures undertaken to prevent soil degradation and encourage the judicious use of fertilizers, manures, and herbicides by farmers.

Exam relevance

GS3 · Economy, Environment & Ecology, Governance · Prelims · Mains

Key facts

1. Balanced fertilizer use is promoted under the Soil Health & Fertility Scheme, implemented since 2014-15.
2. Soil Health Cards (SHCs) provide nutrient status of soil and crop-wise fertilizer recommendations.
3. SHCs aim to enhance crop productivity, reduce cultivation costs, and promote sustainable agriculture.
4. 26.09 crore Soil Health Cards have been generated and issued.
5. 130627 farmer trainings, 7.17 lakh demonstrations, and 7425 farmer Melas/campaigns on SHC recommendations have been organized.
6. National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF) was approved on 25 November 2024.
7. NMNF promotes chemical-free, nature-based farming practices using on-farm inputs.
8. Under NMNF, 23.13 lakh farmers have been registered and 11.44 lakh hectares area have been covered.
9. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has been adopted as a cardinal principle and main plank of plant protection since 1985.

Prelims pointers

• The Soil Health Card Scheme aims to provide farmers with information on soil nutrient status.
• The National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF) promotes chemical-free farming.
• Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an eco-friendly approach to plant protection.

Mains practice question

Discuss the significance of soil health management in India and analyze the effectiveness of government initiatives like the Soil Health Card Scheme and the National Mission on Natural Farming in addressing soil degradation.

Static linkage

Soil degradation is a significant environmental and economic issue. Initiatives like the Soil Health Card Scheme and the National Mission on Natural Farming are part of the government's broader strategy for sustainable agriculture and land resource management, linking to concepts of agricultural economics, environmental conservation, and rural development.

Significance

Preventing soil degradation is crucial for ensuring food security, maintaining ecological balance, and supporting the livelihoods of farmers. The measures aim to improve soil health, reduce reliance on chemical inputs, and promote sustainable agricultural practices, which are vital for long-term economic and environmental well-being.