India's ethanol blended petrol programme balances food security, farmer welfare and energy security

Why in news

The article clarifies recent claims about the Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme, particularly concerning the sale of FCI rice to distilleries and the cost-effectiveness of ethanol, asserting that the programme balances energy security, farmer welfare, and food security.

Exam relevance

GS3, GS1 · Economy, Environment & Ecology, Society, Governance · Prelims · Mains

Key facts

1. The Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme is a key national initiative.
2. The programme aims to enhance energy security, reduce dependence on imported crude oil, and support farmers while safeguarding food security.
3. Only surplus food grains, certified by the Department of Food & Public Distribution after meeting all food security obligations, are approved for ethanol production.
4. No grain procured at Minimum Support Price (MSP) is diverted to ethanol before India's food security is secured.
5. Without ethanol blending, petrol would have cost around ₹125 per litre during the global oil price surge.

Prelims pointers

• Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme aims to enhance energy security.
• EBP Programme seeks to reduce dependence on imported crude oil.
• Surplus food grains, after meeting food security obligations, are used for ethanol production.
• No MSP-procured grain is diverted for ethanol before food security is met.

Mains practice question

Critically examine the Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme's role in balancing India's energy security, farmer welfare, and food security, particularly in light of concerns regarding the diversion of food grains.

Static linkage

The Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme is linked to India's energy policy, agricultural support mechanisms (MSP), and food security architecture (PDS, NFSA). It also relates to environmental goals concerning reduced emissions from fuel.

Significance

The EBP Programme plays a crucial role in India's strategy to achieve energy independence and reduce its carbon footprint. By utilizing surplus food grains, it aims to create a dual benefit of supporting the agricultural sector and promoting cleaner fuel. The clarification addresses concerns about potential trade-offs between food security and ethanol production, emphasizing that the program prioritizes the former.